How to Standardize the Use of Antibiotics in Pig Raising

pig farms is to give full play to the efficacy of antibacterial drugs, reduce the occurrence of bacterial resistance, avoid excessive veterinary drug residues, and avoid or reduce possible toxic and side effects. So, how can we correctly and standardize the use of antibacterial drugs?

1. Correct diagnosis

the prerequisite for the standardized application of any antibacterial drug is correct diagnosis. Without understanding the pathogenesis of pigs, drug treatment is aimless. Not only does it have no benefits, but it may delay diagnosis and delay the treatment of the disease. On the basis of clear diagnosis, strictly grasp the indications of antibacterial drugs, and correctly select drugs, especially the first-choice drugs. The most effective means to choose the first drug is drug sensitivity test, especially the effective old antibacterial drugs.

2, medication should have clear indications

each disease has a specific pathogenesis and symptoms, it is necessary to select antibacterial drug preparations that are reliable, safe, convenient to administer, cheap and easy to obtain, and oppose drug abuse, especially not The abuse of antibacterial drugs, the use of adrenal cortex hormones as general antipyretic and analgesic or anti-inflammatory drugs is unreasonable, unexplained fever, viral infection of the random use of antibiotics is also unreasonable use.

3, familiar with the pharmacokinetic characteristics of antibacterial drugs in pigs

According to the pharmacokinetic characteristics of antibacterial drugs in pigs, a scientific administration plan was formulated. Errors in antimicrobial treatment include choosing the wrong drug, but more are errors in the dosing regimen. When veterinarians give drugs to pigs, they should make full use of their pharmacokinetic knowledge to formulate a drug delivery plan. While achieving the best efficacy, they should minimize toxic side effects, avoid bacterial resistance and cause veterinary drug residues in animal foods. Good pig farm veterinarians must master the knowledge level of antibacterial drugs in pig pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxic and side effects, drug withdrawal period and veterinary drug residues.

4. Make a thorough medication plan

According to the pathophysiological process of pig diseases and the characteristics of the pharmacological effects of antibacterial drugs and the relationship between them, the efficacy of drugs can be expected. Almost all antibacterial drugs not only have therapeutic effects, but also have adverse reactions. Clinical medication must Remember the complexity of the disease and the complexity of treatment, make a detailed medication plan for the treatment process, and carefully observe the efficacy and adverse reactions that will occur, if necessary, the medication plan can be adjusted appropriately.

5, reasonable combination of drugs

After confirming the diagnosis, the veterinarian's task is to choose the most effective and safe drug for treatment. Under normal circumstances, it is necessary to avoid using multiple drugs (especially antibacterial drugs) at the same time, because multiple drug treatments greatly increase the drug interaction The probability also increases the risk to sick animals. In addition to the combination drugs with a definite synergistic effect, a fixed dose of combination drugs should be used carefully, because it deprives veterinarians of the opportunity to adjust the dosage of the drug according to the needs of the animal's condition.

The purpose of the combination is to enhance the curative effect, reduce toxicity and side effects, and delay the occurrence of drug resistance.

① Enhance the curative effect, such as the combined use of sulfonamides with trimethoprim, lincomycin and spectinomycin to improve the antibacterial ability and expand the antibacterial spectrum, and the combined use of penicillins and aminoglycosides to promote aminoglycoside drugs into human cells and enhance the bactericidal effect.

② Reduce toxicity and side effects, such as sulfa drugs combined with sodium bicarbonate can reduce the adverse reactions of alkali amine drugs.

③ To deal with drug-resistant bacteria, such as amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid can treat drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection.

6. Correctly handle the relationship between cause treatment and symptomatic treatment

general medication should first consider the treatment of causes, but also pay attention to symptomatic treatment. The clever combination of the two will achieve better curative effect. The theory of traditional Chinese medicine in our country has an incisive exposition on this: "the treatment of diseases must be based on its foundation, if it is urgent, it will be based on its standard, and if it is slow, it will be based on its foundation".

7. Avoid veterinary drug residues in animal products

food animals are used, the original form of the drug or its metabolites and related impurities may accumulate and remain in animal tissues, organs or edible products (such as eggs, milk), thus causing the residue of veterinary drugs in animal food (referred to as veterinary drug residues). The use of veterinary drugs must comply with the relevant provisions of the "Veterinary Pharmacopoeia", and strictly implement the drug withdrawal period (the time from the cessation of drug administration to the time when food animals are allowed to be slaughtered and marketed) to ensure that veterinary drug residues in animal products do not exceed the standard.